錯誤訊息

將專案部署到 Ruby 3 版本的 Production 環境時，網頁跑不起來，在 Nginx 的 error log 出現以下錯誤：

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[ E 2023-03-09 07:36:26.5249 368322/T8 age/Cor/Con/CheckoutSession.cpp:281 ]: [Client 2-12] Cannot checkout session because a spawning error occurred. The identifier of the error is 23a96bb5. Please see earlier logs for details about the error.
App 369021 output: Error: The application encountered the following error: You have already activated strscan 3.0.4, but your Gemfile requires strscan 3.0.5. Prepending `bundle exec` to your command may solve this. (Gem::LoadError)
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/runtime.rb:309:in `check_for_activated_spec!'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/runtime.rb:25:in `block in setup'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/spec_set.rb:136:in `each'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/spec_set.rb:136:in `each'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/runtime.rb:24:in `map'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/runtime.rb:24:in `setup'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler.rb:151:in `setup'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/setup.rb:20:in `block in <top (required)>'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/ui/shell.rb:136:in `with_level'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/ui/shell.rb:88:in `silence'
App 369021 output:     /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/bundler/setup.rb:20:in `<top (required)>'
App 369021 output:     <internal:/home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:85:in `require'
App 369021 output:     <internal:/home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.1.2/lib/ruby/3.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:85:in `require'
App 369021 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:380:in `activate_gem'
App 369021 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:221:in `block in run_load_path_setup_code'
App 369021 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:544:in `running_bundler'
App 369021 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:220:in `run_load_path_setup_code'
App 369021 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:91:in `preload_app'
App 369021 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:189:in `block in <module:App>'
App 369021 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:397:in `run_block_and_record_step_progress'
App 369021 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:188:in `<module:App>'
App 369021 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:30:in `<module:PhusionPassenger>'
App 369021 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:29:in `<main>'
[ E 2023-03-09 07:36:28.4149 368322/T16 age/Cor/App/Implementation.cpp:221 ]: Could not spawn process for application /home/user/project/current: The application encountered the following error: You have already activated strscan 3.0.4, but your Gemfile requires strscan 3.0.5. Prepending `bundle exec` to your command may solve this. (Gem::LoadError)
  Error ID: 882746cb
  Error details saved to: /tmp/passenger-error-S5tTKX.html

主要的錯誤訊息是這段：

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You have already activated strscan 3.0.4, but your Gemfile requires strscan 3.0.5.

專案採用了 3.0.5 的版本，系統採用了 3.0.4 的版本，雖然使用了 bundle deployment 但仍然出現套件衝突，而且在本機開發的時候是正常的。

解決方法一：更動系統套件

解決方法一是把系統的版本升上去：

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gem install strscan -v 3.0.5

解決方法二：更動專案套件

但如果伺服器上有多個專案，例如別的專案使用的和系統一致的 3.0.4 版本，會造成其他專案衝突。所以另一個解決方法是把專案的版本降低為一致的版本，修改專案的 Gemfile 或 Gemfile.lock 再重新部署上去就可以了。當然後反過來也可能會是升級專案或降級系統套件。